Perandam / Universe

🌌 Perandam / Universe – Introduction

Universe is all the constellations, planets, stars, cosmos and It is a vast system of space-time. It is considered infinite and constantly expanding.

Questions related to “Barandum” in TNPSC and other competitive exams Generally asked in General Science. Basic concepts like Big Bang theory, galaxy, solar system are important.

According to scientists, the phenomenon was called "Big Bang" about 13.8 billion years ago Formed by the Big Bang. It has continued to expand since then.

There are billions of galaxies in the galaxy. Each of them contains billions of stars and planets orbiting them.

TNPSC Exams “What is Big Bang?”, “Age of Grandfather?”, “What is Galaxy?” Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, Barendum is a basic and important topic in science course.

💥 Big Bang Theory (Big Bang Theory) – Introduction

The Big Bang Theory is an important scientific theory that explains how the Universe came into existence. According to this, Barendum evolved from a much smaller and much denser state about 13.8 billion years ago Formed by a huge explosion.

After that explosion, space and matter were created and continued to expand. Scientists have found that the Barendum is still expanding today.

One of the main sources supporting this theory is the “Red Shift”. This shows that the universes are moving away from each other.

Also, the background radiation called “Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation” (CMB). It is the main source of evidence for the Big Bang theory.

“What is the Big Bang?”, “When did it happen?”, “What are the sources?” in TNPSC exams. Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, the Big Bang theory is a very important basic topic in the science course on the universe.

🌌 Galaxies & Types – Introduction

Galaxies are made up of billions of stars, planets, dust and gas. Large space systems formed. Our solar system is located in the Milky Way Galaxy.

There are billions of galaxies in the galaxy. Each swarm has a unique shape and structure.

Galaxies are mainly divided into three categories:

• 1. Spiral Galaxy:Spiral shaped. Example: Milky Way.
• 2. Elliptical Galaxy:Round or oval in shape.
• 3. Irregular Galaxy:No particular form.

Some galaxies have a supermassive black hole at their center. It pulls the surrounding objects by its gravity.

“What is Galaxy?”, “How many types?”, “What is Milky Way?” in TNPSC Exams. Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, galaxies and their types are an important fundamental topic in astronomy.

🌌 Milky Way Galaxy – Introduction

The Milky Way is the galaxy in which our solar system is located. It is a vast universe made up of billions of stars, planets, dust and gas.

It is called the “Milky Way” because it appears as a milky white streak in the night sky. It is a spiral galaxy.

Scientists estimate that the Milky Way contains about 100 to 400 billion stars. Our Sun is one of them.

At the center of this universe is a huge black hole. It is called “Sagittarius A*”.

Our solar system is located at the edge of the Milky Way galaxy. It revolves around the cosmic center.

TNPSC Exams include “What is the Milky Way?”, “What type of Universe?”, “Where is the Solar System?” Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, the Milky Way is a very important fundamental topic in cosmology.

☀️ Solar System & Planets – Full Explanation

The Solar System revolves around the Sun A collection of planets, moons, asteroids, comets and dust and gases.

The Sun is the center of this system. All planets due to its gravitational pull revolve around it.

🌍 The structure of the solar system

• ✔ Sun
• ✔ 8 Planets
• ✔ Moons
• ✔ Asteroids
• ✔ Comets

🪐 8 planets (Planets) – sequence

Planets in order of distance from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

🔍 Types of planets

• 1. Inner Planets:Mercury, Friday, Earth, Mars
• 2. Outer Planets:Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

📊 Planets – Key details

💡 Important Notes (TNPSC)

• ✔ Center: Sun
• ✔ Planets: 8
• ✔ Largest planet: Guru
• ✔ Planet with life: Earth
• ✔ Ringed planet: Saturn

TNPSC Exams “How many planets?”, “Most massive planet?”, “Ringed planet?” Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, solar system and planets are very important basic topic in science course.

☀️ Sun – Full description

The Sun is the largest star at the center of our solar system. It is like a fireball made of gases of great heat and light.

The Sun is made up mainly of hydrogen and helium gases. A large amount of energy is released due to nuclear fusion.

🔥 Structure of the Sun

• 1. Core:The area where the denuclearization takes place
• 2. Radiative Zone
• 3. Convective Zone
• 4. Photosphere:The part we see
• 5. Chromosphere
• 6. Corona:Outer area

🌡️ Key features

• ✔ Temperature (center): About 15 million °C
• ✔ Surface temperature: about 5500 °C
• ✔ Time for light to reach Earth: ~8 minutes
• ✔ Gravity: Controls all planets

⚡ Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear fission is the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium in the Sun's core. This generates a lot of heat and light.

🌞 Importance of Sun

• ✔ Helps life on earth
• ✔ Source of light and heat
• ✔ Controls climate
• ✔ Helps in photosynthesis in plants

TNPSC Exams include “What is Sun?”, “What gases are there?”, “What is atomization?” Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, Sun is a very important basic topic in science course.

⭐ Stars – Full Description

Stars are large space objects that spontaneously emit light and heat into space. They are mostly composed of hydrogen and helium gases.

Sun is also a galaxy. The closest galaxy to Earth is the Sun.

🔥 Formation of constellations

Galaxies form from clouds of gas and dust (nebula). They contract due to gravity and nuclear fusion starts at the core.

⚡ The energy of the stars

At the center of galaxies, hydrogen is fissioned into helium. This produces light and heat.

🌈 Types of constellations

• 1. Red Star
• 2. Yellow Star – Ex: Sun
• 3. White Star
• 4. Blue Star

📊 Life stages of constellations

• ✔ Nebula
• ✔ Main Sequence
• ✔ Red Giant
• ✔ White Dwarf

🌟 Key features

• ✔ Spontaneously emits light
• ✔ Very hot
• ✔ Size and color vary

“What is a galaxy?”, “How is it formed?”, “What are the types?” in TNPSC exams. Questions like Frequently asked questions from this topic.

Therefore, galaxies are a very important fundamental topic in astronomy.